May 25, 2024  
2012-2013 Supplemental Undergraduate Catalog 
    
2012-2013 Supplemental Undergraduate Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

Course Descriptions


 

Art

  
  • ART 1317 - 3D Design

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This foundation course is designed to provide the student with an understanding of three-dimensional form. The student will become familiar with the language and elements of sculpture and with the various types of sculpture and the technical methods and processes. The course permits exploration and experimentation with a variety of materials.   (Five hours per week)
  
  • ART 1318 - 4D Design

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This advanced course in drawing and design builds upon the traditional skills gained in the first semester and moves towards the understanding and inclusion of time. It provides a wide range of experiences for the student reaching beyond traditionally static solutions.  (Three hours per week)
  
  • ART 1322 - Vector Graphics for Designers

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This computer course covers the mainstream software used by graphic designers. Students master vector graphics ranging from fine-tuned illustrations to effective typographic studies. They develop creative strategies for problem solving and investigate market-related design issues. Emphasis is on both technical and artistic mastery and aesthetic judgments as students focus on establishing effective design methods. Prerequisite(s): ART 1314 (Five hours per week.)
  
  • ART 2301 - Art History I

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This lecture course traces the development of the visual arts from cave paintings through the 13th century. Works from Prehistoric, Egyptian, Asian, Greek, and Roman through Early Christian and Medieval art will be discussed. Emphasis will be placed upon understanding the various examples of painting, sculpture, and architecture both in the context within which they were created and as part of the larger picture that constitutes the history of art. General Education Course that Satisfies SLO: Critical Thinking; AK: Fine Arts (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 2302 - Art History II

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This lecture course follows the development of styles begun in the Renaissance to the profusion of styles in the 21st century. Emphasis will be placed upon the beginnings of the various styles and their contribution to the mainstream of what is known as modern art. General Education Course that Satisfies SLO: Critical Thinking; AK: Fine Arts Prerequisite(s): ART 2301. (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 2306 - African-American Art

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This lecture course deals with the African-American aesthetic and the indigenous arts and artifacts that establish an African- American art heritage. It begins by introducing the student to the treasures of Ancient Egyptian and African Art and continues through the evolution of African-Americans’ involvement in the visual arts in the United States from the period of slavery through the Harlem Renaissance, the depression years, and Civil Rights movements of the 1960s to the present. General Education Course that Satisfies SLO: Written Communication ; AK: Fine Arts (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 2311 - 3-D Computer Modeling

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This computer course explores the creation of computer-generated 3-D models and the creation of 3-D environments. Course study will include model generation, camera movement, lighting, atmosphere, color and material manipulation, and texture-mapping in a 3-D virtual world. Students will be required to develop 3-dimensional models to exist in simulated virtual worlds. Prerequisite(s): ART 1314 (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 2312 - Drawing II

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This studio course is designed to build upon the traditional skills gained in the introductory drawing course. It provides a wider range of experiences in drawing for the student who is self-motivated and capable of reaching beyond traditionally acceptable solutions. Prerequisite(s): ART 1311. (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 2317 - 3D Design

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This foundation course is designed to provide the student with an understanding of three-dimensional form. The student will become familiar with the language and elements of sculpture and with the various types of sculpture and the technical methods and processes. The course permits exploration and experimentation with a variety of materials.   (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 2322 - Vector Graphics for Designers

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This computer course covers the mainstream software used by graphic designers. Students master vector graphics ranging from fine-tuned illustrations to effective typographic studies. They develop creative strategies for problem solving and investigate market-related design issues. Emphasis is on both technical and artistic mastery and aesthetic judgments as students focus on establishing effective design methods. (Three hours per week.) Prerequisite(s): ART 1314
  
  • ART 2331 - Painting I

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This studio course develops skills and techniques in acrylic painting. Observational painting skills will be the primary focus. General Education Course that Satisfies SLO: Critical Thinking; AK: Fine Arts (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 2335 - Desktop Virtual Reality

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This computer course will provide a basic introduction to the fundamental technical concepts of Virtual Reality (VR). It surveys different approaches to VR, and potential effects on fields such as art, entertainment, education, design and manufacturing. The course provides an overview of how 3D rendering and walkthrough, and rendering technologies are used in preproduction states of movie making. Students will learn to develop fully interactive, textured virtual worlds. Prerequisite(s): ART 1314 (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 2336 - Immersive Virtual Reality

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This computer course is a continuation of ART 2335. It will give students experience in both Desktop and Fully Immersive Virtual Worlds using a variety of interface devices. Students will learn to create worlds containing complex hierarchical motions, animated textures, and dynamically created and altered objects. Advanced world-building techniques will also be discussed and illustrated with sample applications. Prerequisite(s): ART 1314 (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 2351 - Sculpture I

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This studio course is designed to provide the student with an understanding of how and why sculptural works have been created throughout history. The student will become familiar with the language and elements of sculpture and with the various types of sculpture and the technical methods and processes. The course permits exploration and experimentation with a variety of materials. (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 2352 - Typography

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This computer course explores the use and representation of type and its  effects in visual communication. Students develop their ability to use typographic solutions effectively in various facets of advertising and design projects. Strong emphasis is placed on the history of type and the technical, problem-solving and aesthetic use of display and text type. Prerequisite(s): ART 1314 (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 3303 - Figure Drawing

    Credits: 3 hrs


    This studio course utilizes live models to help students understand the vast range of lines, shapes, forms, textures, colors, values, rhythms, and gestures that exist within the universal microcosm of the human form. Students will use a variety of materials and techniques, and exercises will range from quick gesture drawings to fully developed anatomical studies to personal aesthetic statements inspired by the human figure. 


    Prerequisite(s): ART 1311, ART 1312 (Three hours per week.)

  
  • ART 3305 - African-American Art

    Credits: 3 hrs.


     

    This lecture course deals with the African-American aesthetic and the indigenous arts and artifacts that establish an African- American art heritage. traces the evolution of African-Americans’ involvement in the visual arts in the United States from the period of slavery through the Harlem Renaissance, the depression years, and Civil Rights movements of the 1960s to the present. (Three hours per week.)

  
  • ART 3307 - Artist and Narrative

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This studio course is designed to allow students to pursue their interest in the use of narrative, text, language, storytelling and social issues in their studio practice. Students build on skills acquired in previous course work to develop projects based on their individual interests. Students will work with the materials and techniques of their choice that are appropriate for the particular project being developed. Through their projects students will expand their conceptual command of the use of narrative, text, language, storytelling and social issues in their studio practice. Students will be expected to develop their ideas through research and create a visual proposal before starting their project. Students will be expected to articulate their ideas to others as well as respond to visual work and pursue research. Prerequisite(s): ART 1311. (Three hours per week).
  
  • ART 3332 - Painting II

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This studio course is a continuation of the development of fundamental painting techniques. Students become proficient in advanced and experimental applications. The development of the student’s personal vision, imagination, and originality is encouraged. Experimentation with abstraction, historical approaches to process and personal thematic development through painterly explorations will be expected. Prerequisite(s): ART 2331. (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 3333 - Computer Animation I

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This computer course builds upon ART 2311 and includes the fundamentals of 3-D modeling and computer animation. Students will study advanced imaging techniques such as metaclay modeling, deformation, and morphing. Special effects imaging techniques are introduced. The course will also focus on shape, wave, flock, animation, and data capture with channels. Rendering technique, inverse kinematic skeleton, and dynamic simulation will also be studied. Prerequisite(s): ART 1314. (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 3334 - Computer Animation II

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This computer course will continue to explore advanced 3-D animation techniques. It will continue explorations in dynamic simulations and kinetic skeletons. Emphasis will be on character animation. This course will specialize in enhancement tools and the fundamentals of special effects animation. Prerequisite(s): ART 3333. (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 3342 - Desktop Publishing

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This computer course helps students learn page layout software to create customized communications for business, education, and editorial design projects. Students will create professional,  high-quality publications such as brochures newsletters, and other collateral for dissemination in various media formats. It utilizes templates, graphics, and intuitive design tools. Prerequisite(s): ART 1314
    (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 3343 - Graphic Design I

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This computer course prepares the student to handle all aspects of document production—from preliminary design to prepress production. The software application takes advantage of the speed and precision offered by computer technology and the intuitive interface to produce  professional publications efficiently and economically, allowing for freedom to be more creative and productive. Prerequisite(s): ART 2352, ART 3342 (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 3354 - Digital Photography

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This studio course is designed to provide the student with a basic working knowledge of the digital camera and its use as tool for artist. Attention is given to basic aesthetic principles such as composition, design and lighting. Student work will be critiqued for image quality, creative control and presentation standards. A digital camera is required (Three hours per week.) General Education Course that Satisfies SLO: Critical Thinking; AK: Fine Arts
  
  • ART 3356 - Fiber Design

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This studio course is designed to acquaint students with a variety of basic techniques and processes, which fall under the general heading of fiber design and sculpture. The student will become familiar with the language and elements of fiber use in sculpture along with technical methods and processes. The course permits exploration and experimentation with a variety of materials. (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 3357 - Portfolio Design

    Credits: 1 hr
    This lecture/participation course covers the organization and presentation of a design or art portfolio and appropriate related materials. Emphasis is placed on development and evaluation of the portfolio, design and production of a resume and self-promotional materials, and interview techniques. Upon completion, students should be able to prepare and professionally present an effective portfolio and related self-promotional materials. Prerequisite(s): Permission of Instructor. (Three hours per week)
  
  • ART 3370 - Special Topics in Art History

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This course involves research and creative activity in art history focused on a specialized area or topic. Areas and topics to be considered will be determined by the availability of qualified faculty. Enrollment will be by the approval of the instructor. This course is designed to allow students to work in areas of art history outside of traditional course offerings. This course is designed for students interested in creative exploration in preparation for graduate level work. This course will fulfill an Art elective requirement at the 3000 level. Students will refine their ability to research and critique meaningful works of art. Students will be expected to articulate their ideas to others as well as respond to visual work and pursue research. Prerequisite(s): Permission of Instructor 3 hrs.
  
  • ART 3371 - Printmaking I

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This studio course introduces the student to the techniques of the relief , drypoint etching and the screen-based print. Students will use skills and knowledge from color and design, drawing, and composition. (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 3372 - Printmaking II

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This studio course is a continuation of Printmaking I with emphasis of exhibition quality prints and the techniques of the relief , drypoint etching and the screen-based print.. Students will have the opportunity to participate in Portfolio Exchanges. Students will use skills and knowledge from color and design, drawing, and composition. (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 3380 - Special Topics in Studio Art

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This course involves research and creative activity in studio art focused on a specialized area or topic. Areas and topics to be considered will be determined by the availability of qualified faculty. Enrollment will be by approval of the instructor. This course is designed to allow students to work in areas of studio art outside of traditional course offerings. This course is designed for students interested in creative exploration in preparation for graduate level work. This course will fulfill an Art elective requirement at the 3000 level. Students will refine their ability to create and critique works of art. Students will be expected to articulate their ideas to others as well as respond to visual work and pursue research.   Prerequisite(s): Permission of Instructor. (Three hours per week).
  
  • ART 3381 - Special Topics in Computer Graphics

    Credits: 3 hrs.

    This course involves research and creative activity in computer graphics focused on a specialized area or topic. This course is designed to allow students to work in areas of computer graphics outside the traditional course offerings. This course is designed for students interested in creative exploration or in preparation for graduate studies. This course will fulfill an art elective at the 3000 level. Students will refine their ability to analyze, critique, and discuss visual communications by examining a specific issue in design theory, history or practice. There is an emphasis on research, writing and project development. Students will develop presentations and participate in classroom discussions related to the topic. Prerequisite(s): Permission of Instructor. (Three hours per week).

  
  • ART 3390 - Studio Practice Seminar I

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This studio course is designed to allow students to pursue their interests in an area of studio art. Students build on skills acquired in previous course work to develop projects based on their individual interests. Students will work with the materials and techniques of their choice that are appropriate for the particular project being developed. Through their projects students will expand their conceptual command of the use of materials and creative ideas in their studio practice. Students will be expected to develop their ideas through research and create a visual proposal before starting their project. Students will be expected to articulate their ideas to others as well as respond to visual work and pursue research. Prerequisite(s): ART 1311. (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 4093 - Art Internship

    Credits: 3 or 6 hrs
    This field course is designed to offer art majors at the junior or senior level an opportunity to participate in art museum management in area museums and galleries, or to gain valuable work experience at a company whose primary focus is art related. The cooperative education staff, the employer, the student, and the student’s advisor must agree on the employment terms and the learning experience to be gained. The academic grade is the responsibility of the faculty advisor, with due consideration given to the report of the employer. Prerequisite(s): Junior standing and approval of the cooperative education staff and the academic advisor. (Six or twelve hours per week.)
  
  • ART 4310 - Multimedia Editing

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This computer course explores computer graphics and animation as it is used in video production for character generation, special effects photography and multimedia production. This course focuses on image processing techniques, the advanced use of channels, and compositing techniques. Course work will include user interfaces, advanced image-processing techniques, and compositing tools combined with animation techniques. More powerful techniques such as morphing, painting tools, and animation special effects will also be studied. Production of computer-enhanced video will be required. Prerequisite(s): ART 1314 (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 4311 - Interactive Media Design

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This computer course focuses on time-based media with a user centered experience. Visualization techniques will be used to develop effective presentations in digital formats for dissemination using current media modes. Creative ideas can be communicated in a more cost-effective, time-efficient manner. Students learn to create create prototypes and conceptual diagrams for research, design or education. Prerequisite(s): ART 2352 (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 4320 - Digital Photography II

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This studio course is designed to build on the knowledge of digital photography and its use as a tool for artists that the student has acquired in ART 3354 Digital Photography I. Attention is give to advanced aesthetic principles and concepts. Student work will be critiqued for image quality, creative control and presentation standards. A digital camera is required. Prerequisite(s): ART 3354. (Three hours per week).
  
  • ART 4346 - Graphic Design II

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This computer course examines the design methodologies required to create an effective Web site. Projects and case studies take students through planning, idea generation, implementation and maintenance. Students learn how to apply their web site skills through a variety of meaningful projects. Prerequisite(s): ART 3343
    (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 4352 - Sculpture II

    Credits: 3 hrs
     This advanced studio course is designed to provide the student with an opportunity to pursue their interest in the sculptural process.  The student will develop an understanding of the language and elements of sculpture and the various types of technical methods and processes. The course permits exploration and experimentation with a variety of materials. Prerequisite(s): ART 2351. (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 4373 - Printmaking III

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This studio course is a continuation of Printmaking II with emphasis of exhibition quality prints. Students will have the opportunity to participate in Portfolio Exchanges and the techniques of the relief, drypoint etching and the screen-based print. Students will use skills and knowledge from color and design, drawing, and composition. Prerequisite(s): ART 1312. (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 4374 - Printmaking IV

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This studio course is a continuation of Printmaking II with emphasis of exhibition quality prints. Students will have the opportunity to participate in Portfolio Exchanges the techniques of the relief, drypoint etching and the screen-based print. Students will use skills and knowledge from color and design, drawing, and composition. Prerequisite(s): ART 1312. (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 4380 - Metal Design

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This studio course is designed to acquaint students with a variety of basic techniques and processes, which fall under the general heading of metal design and sculpture. The student will become familiar with the language and elements of the use of metal in sculpture along with technical methods and processes. The course permits exploration and experimentation with a variety of materials.   (Three hours per week.)
  
  • ART 4385 - Studio Practice Seminar II

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This studio course is designed to allow students to pursue their advanced interests in an area of studio art. Students build on skills acquired in previous course work to develop projects based on their individual interests. Students will work with the materials and techniques of their choice that are appropriate for the particular project being developed. Through their projects students will expand their conceptual command of the use of materials and creative ideas in their studio practice. Students will be expected to develop their ideas through research and create a visual proposal before starting their project. Students will be expected to articulate their ideas to others as well as respond to visual work and pursue research. Prerequisite(s): ART 3390 Studio Practice Seminar I. (Three hours per week).
  
  • ART 4398 - Senior Art History Seminar

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This course helps prepare students for the Senior Art Exhibit Seminar (taken in the spring semester of senior year). Students will refine their ability to write and talk about art—both their own work and that of other artists. Specific topics to be determined in conjunction with the exhibition schedule of the Diggs Gallery and other local venues. There is an emphasis on writing, oral presentations and classroom discussion in this course. Prerequisite(s): Completion of the GEN ED Core curriculum and Permission of the instructor.
  
  • ART 4399 - Studio ART Seminar

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    Studio Art students complete the BA program by taking the Studio Art Seminar course, which further prepares students for the transition from student life to that of a working artist. Students mount an exhibition of works and a professional portfolio selected and prepared during the Senior Art Studio course. Students are responsible for hanging their artwork and removal of their artwork from the exhibition space. Students become familiar with professional practices in the field through such activities as developing a written and digital résumé and portfolio, documenting work and producing slides, visiting studios and galleries, and meeting individually with professionals in their chosen discipline when possible. The course is directed by a faculty member in consultation with the student’s advisor. Prerequisite(s): Graduating Senior s with Permission of the instructor and advisor. Prerequisite(s): ART 4398, Completion of the GEN ED Core curriculum and Permission of the instructor

Biology

  
  • BIO 1101 - Biological Concepts Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    This is a one semester laboratory course that may accompany any 1000 level biology lecture course. The laboratory activities will provide a basic overview of life science methods. Examples of activities include but are not limited to the scientific method, metric measurement, light microscopy and blood typing. (One laboratory session per week.) This is a one semester laboratory course that may accompany any 1000 level biology lecture course. The laboratory activities will provide a basic overview of life science methods. Examples of activities include but are not limited to the scientific method, metric measurement , light microscopy and blood typing. General Education Course that Satisfies SLO:Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences (One laboratory session per week.) Prerequisite(s): Test out of or complete RED 1311.
  
  • BIO 1103 - Biological Inquiry

    Credits: 1 hr


     

    This is a seminar course designed for entering freshmen interested in majoring in biology. The students will be introduced to academic concentrations and academic requirements in life sciences. Emphasis will be placed on becoming familiar with library, computer, and other resources at the University. Students will be taught effective ways to manage time, thereby, enabling them to cope with academic stress. Major emphasis will be placed on how biologists ask questions and scientific literature by examining roots, prefixes, and suffixes that form the basis of scientific terminology. Scientific terms used in basic and clinical sciences will be covered. (One-hour lecture and 1-one hour recitation period per week.) Prerequisite(s): Test out of or complete RED 1311.

  
  • BIO 1115 - Introduction to Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    This course provides an introduction that is needed by students planning on pursuing graduate studies in biotechnology and biomedical research. Introduction to Molecular Biology and Biotechnology is designed for students interested in pursuing a career in biomedical research and biotechnology. The lab course focuses on basic knowledge needed for success in the biotech industry laboratory by presenting a balanced coverage of molecular biology techniques (DNA isolation, media preparation using molarity, x-factor concentrations and percentage) and additional contemporary molecular biology applications.  General Education Course that Satisfies SLO:Quantitative Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences Prerequisite(s): Prerequisite: should successfully complete BIO 2301 as a prerequisite. Corequisite(s): BIO 1315.
  
  • BIO 1131 - General Microbiology Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    This laboratory course covers the basic techniques of a microbiological laboratory including preparation of media, culturing techniques, staining, microscopy, biochemical test, and identification. This is a one-semester laboratory course to accompany BIO 1331. General Education Course that Satisfies SLO:Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences ( One laboratory session per week.) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 1311. Corequisite(s): BIO 1331
  
  • BIO 1301 - Biological Concepts

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This introductory course covers basic biological principles and mechanisms, such as cells, molecules, evolution, diversity, physiology and genetics. This is a three-credit hour course and may be accompanied by BIO 1101. Please note that this course does not fulfill a prerequisite for BIO 2311 (Anatomy and Physiology I) or BIO 2331 (General Microbiology).  General Education Course that Satisfies SLO:Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences Three one-hour lectures per week. Prerequisite(s): Test out of or complete RED 1311.
  
  • BIO 1302 - Plants and Civilization

    Credits: 3 hrs.


     This course explores the fascinating ways in which plants have an impact on the quality of human life, from the perspectives of science, history, economics, and sociology. The relationship between plants and people is discussed in terms of how and why plants are used for food, medicines, clothing, and other products. This course is open to all non-science majors. Not normally open to biology or biotechnology majors.

      General Education Course that satisfies SLO: Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences.

  
  • BIO 1303 - Human Heredity, Genetics and Society

    Credits: 3hrs.
    This course explores the basic principles of human genetics, including chromosomes, cell division, and Mendelian inheritance. Environmental and social issues such as cancer, cloning, biotechnology and reproductive technology are discussed. General Education course that satisfies SLO: Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences.
  
  • BIO 1305 - Scientific Ethics

    Credits: 3hrs.
    This course describes the ethical foundations of scientific practices and some of the personal and professional issues that researchers encounter in their work. The code of conduct that professional scientists agree to follow will also be discussed along with the consequences of misconduct in science. The collection and presentation of data, authorship, and conducting human and animal research will also be shared through professor and student-led discussions. General Education course that satisfies SLO: Oral Communication.
  
  • BIO 1311 - Introduction to Biology

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This course is intended for Health Sciences and related majors. It will cover major biological concepts that are the basis of modern biology and medicine. These concepts include, but are not limited to, the classification of organisms, cell biology, biomolecules, genetics, and other basic processes of life. Three hours of lecture and one hour of recitation per week. This course is a prerequisite to both BIO 2311 (Anatomy and Physiology I) and BIO 2331 (General Microbiology). Pass with C or better. General Education Course that Satisfies SLO:Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences. Prerequisite(s): Successfully tests out of or completes RED 1311.
  
  • BIO 1313 - Human Reproduction and Development

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This course aims to develop scientific literacy using the exploration of human reproduction and development. Events before and after birth will be covered. Topics include cell structure and function, human reproductive anatomy and physiology, sexually transmitted diseases, reproduction, stages of development, and birth defects. The basic biology of these subjects will be covered, as well as current related issues. Introductory course that fulfills the natural science and scientific literacy general education requirements. Not normally open to biology or biotechnology majors. General Education course that satisfies SLO: Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences.
  
  • BIO 1315 - Introduction to Biotechnology

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This course provides an introduction that is needed by students planning on pursuing graduate studies in biotechnology and biomedical research. Introduction to Molecular Biology and Biotechnology is designed for students interested in pursuing a career in biomedical research and biotechnology. The lecture course focuses on basic knowledge needed for success in the biotech industry laboratory by presenting a balanced coverage of molecular biology, historical developments and contemporary applications. Cutting-edge technologies and concepts in biotechnology will be discussed, as well as detailed information on agricultural, medical, forensic, and regulatory issues that impact the biotechnology industry.  General Education Course that Satisfies SLO:Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 1301, BIO 1311, or BIO 2301. Biology majors should successfully complete BIO 2301 as a prerequisite.
  
  • BIO 1320 - Environmental Biology

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This course will provide students with an understanding of major environmental issues from a basic science perspective. Basic science topics include ecosystem structure, energy flow, biogeochemical cycles, population growth and regulation and evolution. Environmental issues covered include human population growth, agriculture and food, pest control. Conservation of forests and wildlife, preservation biological diversity, energy use, water and air pollution, ozone depletion and global warming. General Education Course that Satisfies SLO:Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences; CT: Sustainability (Three one-hour lectures per week) Prerequisite(s): Test out of or complete RED 1311.
  
  • BIO 1331 - General Microbiology

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This course acquaints students with the fundamental principles that govern microorganisms such as diversity, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular genetics, epidemiology, chemotherapies, and immunology.   The culmination of the course is an in-depth personal study of morphology, growth, and significance of a microorganism that may include bacteria, rickettsias, chlamydias, fungi, helminthes, algae, protozoa, and viruses. This course is designed for health science majors. This course acquaints the student with the fundamental principles governing the diversity, morphology, activities and significance of microorganisms such as bacteria, rickettsias, chlamydias, fungi, algae, protozoa, and viruses. In laboratory work, attention is given to the study, techniques and growth conditions of some of these organisms (For nursing majors). General Education Course that Satisfies SLO:Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences (Three one-hour lectures per week) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 1311 or a satisfactory score on the Biology Placement Test.
  
  • BIO 1340 - Human Biology and Disease

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    Disease affects all people. In this course, students will examine basic biological concepts and their relationship with human health and disease. Questions to be addressed include: Why does disease occur? How is disease influenced by lifestyle? How is disease influenced by genetics? Why do some ethnic groups get certain diseases more often than other ethnic groups? Diseases to be discussed include, but are not limited to, sickle cell anemia, diabetes, obesity, cancer, and AIDS. Students will learn how the structure and function of normal molecules, cells, and systems differ from those that are diseased. Additional concepts include the scientific method, natural selection, immunity, and nutrition. Students will explore the concepts of disease using case studies, news articles, assignments, and a required textbook. Evaluation will be based on participation, completed assignments, oral presentations, and exams. This course satisfies the general education requirement for Biology. Please note that this course does not fulfill a prerequisite for BIO 2311 (Anatomy and Physiology I) or BIO 1331 (General Microbiology).  General Education Course that Satisfies SLO:Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences; CT: Healthful Living 150 minutes per week. Prerequisite(s): Test out of or complete RED 1311.
  
  • BIO 2101 - Principles of Biology I Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    This laboratory course is designed to illustrate basic biological principles covered in BIO 2301 for increased comprehension. With emphasis on the scientific method, the laboratory exercises provide a hands-on approach through experimentation, observation, and analysis. The course also provides exposure to selected practices, methods, and instrumentation typically found in a biology laboratory and examines current societal issues for the development of scientific literacy. General Education Course that Satisfies SLO:Critical Thinking; AK: Natural Sciences (One laboratory session per week.) Corequisite(s): BIO 2301
  
  • BIO 2102 - Principles of Biology II Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    This is a curriculum course emphasizing basic biological principles, the process of science, using related laboratory activities. It is specifically designed for biology majors and honors students and provides an introductory survey of the diversity of life: prokaryotes, protists, plants, fungi and animals. The structure and function of plants and animals will be covered in more depth. There will be an introduction to ecology and the environment. The course provides the background needed for biology majors as the progress to advanced courses. Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 2101 and BIO 2301. General Education Course that satisfies SLO:Critical Thinking; AK: Natural Sciences Corequisite(s): BIO 2302.
  
  • BIO 2110 - Zoology Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    This is a hands-on course of the major animal phyla covering classification, and functional morphology. Topics include life histories, evolution, phylogenetic relationships, symbiosis, ontogeny and behavior. The physical examination of animals in the laboratory serves to integrate these topics. (One two-hour laboratory per week) Corequisite(s): BIO 2310
  
  • BIO 2111 - Anatomy and Physiology I Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    In this course, students study the body as a whole by identifying surface landmarks, body cavities, and viscera. Consideration of the relationship between structure and function of individual cell types and tissues precedes the study of the following systems: integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous. Students are required to relate the functions of the individual body systems to the functioning of the body as a whole.  General Education Course that Satisfies SLO:Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences (One laboratory session per week.) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 1311 or a satisfactory score on the Biology Placement Test. Corequisite(s): BIO 2311.
  
  • BIO 2112 - Anatomy and Physiology II Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    In this course, students learn to describe the anatomical features and physiological roles and mechanisms of action of the following systems: nervous system and special senses, endocrine, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive systems. Students are required to relate the functions of the individual body systems to the functioning of the body as a whole.   General Education Course that Satisfies SLO:Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences (One laboratory session per week.) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 2311. Corequisite(s): BIO 2312.
  
  • BIO 2116 - Botany Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    This is a hands-on course of the major animal phyla covering classification, functional morphology, life histories, evolution, phylogenetic relationships, symbiosis, ontogeny and behavior. The physical examination of animals in the laboratory serves to integrate these topics (One two-hour laboratory period per week) Corequisite(s): BIO 2316
  
  • BIO 2277 - Investigation and Research I

    Credits: 2 hrs.
    This course is designed for independent experimental work by the individual student with guidance by a member of the life sciences faculty. (Two two-hour periods per week) Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor required.
  
  • BIO 2301 - Principles of Biology I

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    Biology 2301 is a curriculum course emphasizing basic biological principles, the process of science, and related laboratory activities. Biology 2301 is specifically designed for biology majors and honors students and provides in-depth treatment of molecular and cellular concepts. The course provides the background needed for biology majors as they progress to advanced courses. For all students it contributes to the development of scientific literacy and is important as part of a broad education and for becoming a well-informed citizen and scientist in the scientific community. Three hours of lecture and one hour of recitation per week. Prerequisite: A passing score. Corequisite(s): BIO 2101. General Education Course that satisfies SLO:Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences.
  
  • BIO 2302 - Principles of Biology II

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    Biology 2302 is a curriculum course emphasizing basic biological principles. Biology 2302 is specifically designed for biology majors and honors students and provides an introductory survey of the diversity oflife: prokaryotes, protists, plants, fungi and animals. The structure and function of plants and animals will be covered in more depth. There will be an introduction to ecology and the environment. The course provides the background needed for biology majors as they progress to advanced courses. Three hours of lecture and one hour of recitation per week. Prerequisite: Test out of or complete RED 1311. Corequisite: BIO 2102. General Education Course that satisfies SLO:Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences.
  
  • BIO 2303 - Scientic Writing

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This course will introduce students to the special kinds of writing that science demands: lab reports, articles, review articles, and responsibly researched essays for the general public. Emphasis is placed on the sorts of reading and writing that scientists are expected to do. Discussion focuses on the qualities that are acceptable in scientific writing, and the pitfalls that science writers must avoid. Finally, the aim of this course is to develop skills both in critical reading and in preparation of clear, persuasive scientific writing.  General Education course that satisfies SLO: Written Communication. Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in a composition class or demonstrate competency in writing AND either BIO 1315 or BIO 2302.
  
  • BIO 2304 - Scientific Investigation of Diseases


    This is an information literacy course that will equip students with the set of abilities that will allow them to recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate, and use effectively the needed information. This course will involve students being presented with hypothetical medical scenarios in which pseudo patients exhibit specific signs and symptoms of an unknown disease or disorder. The students will be presented with hypothetical scenarios in which pseudo-patients exhibit carious symptoms and signs. The students will then be required to utilize various types of informational resources (i.e. scholarly articles, publications, and mass media sources) in an effort to identify the possible diseases or disorders possessed by the patients. In addition to making diagnoses, the students will also access, evaluate, organize and use various forms of information to make recommendations about treatment and prognosis for the patients. The students will then demonstrate their understanding of the biology behind various diseases and disorders by presenting the information they have accessed, organized and evaluated in written and/or presentation form. The students will leave this course being able to use not only classroom material provided by the instructor, but also the knowledge that will allow them to use other resources from the broader community and the mass media. Students in essence will learn how to learn in this course. General Education course that satisfies SLO: Information Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences.
  
  • BIO 2310 - Zoology

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This is a survey course of the major animal phyla covering classification, functional morphology, life histories, evolution, phylogenetic relationships, symbiosis, ontogeny and behavior. The ecology of animals serves to integrate these topics.   This is a survey course of the major animal phyla covering classification, functional morphology, life histories, evolution, phylogenetic relationships, symbiosis, ontogeny and behavior. The ecology of animals serves to integrate these topics.   (Three one-hour lectures per week) Prerequisite(s): BIO 2301.
  
  • BIO 2311 - Anatomy and Physiology I

    Credits: 3 hrs
    In this course, students study the body as a whole by identifying surface landmarks, body cavities, and viscera. Consideration of the relationship between structure and function of individual cell types and the body tissues precedes the study of the following systems: integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous.   General Education Course that Satisfies SLO:Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences (Three 50 min or two 75 min lecture periods per week.) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 1311 or BIO 2301 or a satisfactory score on the Biology Placement Test. Corequisite(s): BIO 2111
  
  • BIO 2312 - Anatomy and Physiology II

    Credits: 3 hrs
    In this course, students learn to describe the anatomical features and physiological roles of the following systems: special senses, endocrine, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive. Students are required to relate the structure and functions of the individual body systems to the functioning of the body as a whole. General Education Course that Satisfies SLO:Scientific Literacy; AK: Natural Sciences (Three 50 min or two 75 min lecture periods per week.) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 2311.
  
  • BIO 2316 - Botany

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This course provides the basic principles needed to understand and appreciate the structure and function of plants, their taxonomy and genetics. Consideration is also given to the role plants play in the scheme of living things, their importance at various levels, and the evolutionary tendencies. This course provides the basic principles needed to understand and appreciate the structure and function of plants, their taxonomy and genetics. Consideration is also given to the role plants play in the scheme of living things, their importance at various levels, and the evolutionary tendencies. (Three one-hour lecture periods per week.) Prerequisite(s): BIO 2301.
  
  • BIO 3111 - Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    In this course, special attention is placed on the study of the anatomy of the human body and its relationship to physiological function.  Students will identify anatomical features and relationships in the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, special senses, endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive and urinary systems.  Information is provided through the liberal use of diagrams, models, laboratory experiments and demonstrations, videos presentations and computer simulations. (One two-hour laboratory per week) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 2301 and either BIO 1315 or BIO 2302; or a grade of C or better in BIO 2110 and BIO 2310. Corequisite(s): BIO 3311
  
  • BIO 3126 - Parasitology Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    This laboratory covers the basic techniques for diagnosis and research of protozoans, helminthes, acanthocephalans, copepods and arthropods that infect humans and animals.   (One two-hour laboratory per week) Corequisite(s): BIO 3326.
  
  • BIO 3136 - Developmental Biology Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    This course complements the companion lecture by introducing students to experimental and observational aspects of developmental biology. Students will learn to recognize embryonic structures, conduct experiments with model organisms such as sea urchins and write scientific papers concerning issues in developmental biology. (One two-hour laboratory per week) Corequisite(s): BIO 3336
  
  • BIO 3137 - Biomolecules Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    This course is a bioanalytical course concentrating on the major classes of biological macromolecules. The student will be introduced to a number of technological skills involving spectrophotometric analysis, chromatography, and electrophoresis. These skills will be used to extract, separate, and identify a few of the many carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Completion of this course will prepare students for Biochemistry Laboratory.  Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 3366, CHE 2112, CHE 2312, MAT 1313, or permission of instructor. Corequisite(s): BIO 3337
  
  • BIO 3143 - Histology Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    Microscopic study of tissues from the major organ systems of a mammal. Students will prepare their study slides from supplied specimens.  (One two-hour laboratory per week) Corequisite(s): BIO 3343
  
  • BIO 3147 - Industrial Microbiology Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.


     

    The interrelationship of humans and microbes are studied in this laboratory course with relevance to medical, environmental, food and industrial microbiology. Laboratory sessions include: Microscopic Techniques, Bacterial Morphology and Staining, Basic Laboratory and Culture Techniques, Biochemical Activities of Bacteria, and Industrial and Food Microbiology.  (One three-hour laboratory period per week) Corequisite(s): BIO 3347

  
  • BIO 3161 - Human Physiology

    Credits: 1 hr.
    Laboratory exercises involve the function of the human body approached through the use of models, CD ROM dissections, computer simulations and physiological experiments. Laboratories also use blood pressure, hearing and reflex tests in teams to convey concepts. (One two-hour laboratory per week) Corequisite(s): BIO 3361
  
  • BIO 3166 - Genetics Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    Practical applications of modern genetic techniques. (One two-hour laboratory period per week) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in Bio 2301 and either BIO 1315 or BIO 2302 or BIO 2310. Corequisite(s): BIO 3366
  
  • BIO 3171 - Ecology and Evolution Laboratory

    Credits: 1 hr.
    Ecology and Evolution Lab is a course designed to give students hands-on experience with the concepts discussed in Ecology and Evolution lecture class. The course focuses on the fundamental ways in which populations of organisms change, grow, and interact with their environment. These interactions are explored at the level of individuals and populations, over both short and long time scales. The emphasis is on understanding the underlying mechanisms that shape population- and community-level processes from a mathematical perspective. Computational tools will be used heavily to model population and community processes.  Prerequisite(s): BIO 3366 and MAT 2317 with a grade of at least a C or better, or permission of instructor. Corequisite(s): BIO 3371 (Ecology and Evolution)
  
  • BIO 3201 - Tissue Culture

    Credits: 2 hrs
    This laboratory course is designed to provide students the basic skills needed to function at an above-entry level in an animal cell tissue culture laboratory. The preparation of required tissue culture media and solutions are reviewed. Bench training in maintaining animal cells in culture is emphasized. The theories of preparing B cell hybridomas as well as the techniques used to test for monoclonal antibody production are covered. (2 two-hour laboratory periods per week.) Prerequisite(s): BIO 2301 and CHE 2111 and CHE 2311 for traditional students; permission of the Department Chair for non-traditional students.
  
  • BIO 3231 - Microbiology

    Credits: 2 hrs.
    The morphology and physiology of selected microorganisms are considered in detail. Their beneficial and detrimental effects are studied. Immune mechanisms through which animals protect themselves from specific organisms are introduced. (Two one-hour lectures per week) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 2301 and either BIO 1315 or BIO 2302.
  
  • BIO 3232 - Microbiology Laboratory

    Credits: 2 hrs.
    This is a one-semester laboratory course to accompany BIO 3231 covering methodology of microbiology: microscopy, staining, aseptic technique, culture media, quantification, and laboratory safety. The course is also designed to examine current research topics in microbiology for the development of scientific literacy. (Two two-hour laboratories per week) Prerequisite(s):
    Corequisite(s): BIO 3231.
  
  • BIO 3249 - Seminar in Microbiology

    Credits: 2 hrs
    The student is introduced to the scientific literature, the biomedical library and the critical analyses of journal articles in the field of microbiology. Emphasis is placed on oral presentation and discussion. (Two one-hour periods per week.) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in either BIO 3231 or BIO 3347.
  
  • BIO 3277 - Investigation and Research II

    Credits: 2 hr.
    This course is designed for independent experimental work by the individual student with guidance by a member of the life sciences faculty.    (Two two-hour periods per week) Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor required.
  
  • BIO 3305 - Topics in Bioinformatics

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This course looks at current research topics and recent results in bioinformatics and computational biology. The course will provide a working knowledge of various computer-based tools for analyzing the structure, function, and sequence of biological molecules. A computer laboratory will be used to achieve the three-dimensional structures revealed by the protein associated with the relevant DNA sequence. (Three one-hour lecture periods per week) Prerequisite(s): Any lower level Biology course (BIO 1301, BIO 1311, BIO 1315, BIO 1320, BIO 1331, BIO 1340, BIO 2301, BIO 2311) and MAT 1312 or 1313.


  
  • BIO 3310 - Biology of Aging

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This course covers biological changes and adjustments occurring over time as part of the aging process, with an emphasis on diseases commonly associated with aging. Students will become familiar with the current research literature in aging by relating published research articles with the course content. Grading will be based on student-led instruction, participation, short writing assignments, quizzes over assigned readings, and examinations.  Prerequisite(s): Either 1) a grade of C or better in either BIO 1311 or BIO 2301 or 2) a grade of C or better in GER 2401 and either BIO 1301 or BIO 1340.
  
  • BIO 3311 - Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    In this course, students undertake in depth study of the functional and structural relationships of the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive and urinary systems. Students are provided with a clear understanding of normal relationships between structure and function of cell types, tissues and body fluids, and organs and organ systems as a foundation for recognizing structural and functional changes that result in abnormalities in processes of the human body.  Information is provided through the liberal use of diagrams, models, organ dissections, laboratory experiments and demonstrations, videos presentations and computer simulations.  Two 75-minute lectures per week. Prerequisite(s): Either 1) a grade of C or better in BIO 2301 and either BIO 1315 or BIO 2302 or 2) a grade of C or better in BIO 2110 and BIO 2310. Corequisite(s): BIO 3111.
  
  • BIO 3326 - Parasitology

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This is a course in which the basic principles of parasitism are covered. A survey of parasites in regard to epidemelogy, life cycle, disease manifestation, treatment, and transmission are covered.  (Three one-hour lectures per week) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 2301 and either BIO 1315 or BIO 2302.
  
  • BIO 3333 - Field Biology

    Credits: 3 hrs
    Methods of collecting, identifying and preserving the common flora and fauna of the community are studied. (Two three-hour laboratory periods per week.) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 2302.
  
  • BIO 3334 - Molecular Biology and Biotechniques I

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This laboratory course provides detailed instructions on the performance of many methods and techniques used in traditional biotechnology industries. Acceptable laboratory practices are discussed. Biochemical and recombinant DNA technologies are emphasized. (Two three-hour laboratory periods per week) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 2303, CHE 2112, and CHE 2312 and either BIO 3147 and BIO 3347 or BIO 3231 and BIO 3232.
  
  • BIO 3335 - Molecular Biology and Biotechniques II

    Credits: 3 hrs.


    This course provides the depth of coverage that is needed by students planning on pursuing graduate studies in biotechnology and biomedical research. This course focuses on development of biotechnological skills pertinent in biotechnology and biomedical research. This course will prepare students (using “hands-on” techniques) to perform independent research projects during summer internships, research internship courses, and independent study with a faculty/principal investigator. This laboratory course provides detailed instruction on the performance of many methods and techniques used in traditional biotechnology industries. Acceptable laboratory practices are discussed. Gene expression using PCR, Northern, and Western blot analysis and protein isolation (His-Tag column purification) and analysis (PAGE) are emphasized. 

      Prerequisite(s): Either a grade of C or better in 1) BIO 3334 or 2) BIO 2303, CHE 2112, and CHE 2312 and either BIO 3147 and BIO 3347 or BIO 3231 and BIO 3232.

  
  • BIO 3336 - Developmental Biology

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This course examines the morphological, molecular and evolutionary aspects of animal development from a comparative perspective. Topics include gametogenesis, fertilization, morphogenesis, pattern formation, cell-cell signals, induction and regulation of gene expression and evolutionary embryology. Current topics such as stem cells and cloning will also be explored. (Three one-hour lectures per week) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 2301 and either BIO 2302 or BIO 2310.
  
  • BIO 3337 - Biomolecules

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This course is a bioanalytical course concentrating on the major classes of biological macromolecules. It will integrate concepts from chemistry and math with biology. The course will look at the significance of the carbon atom and its role in forming the major building block of these biomolecules. The student will become familiar with functional groups on organic molecules which form the amino acid, sugar, fatty acid, and nucleotide monomeric units which, in turn, are responsible for forming the essential macromolecules responsible for the structure and function of living organisms. The bioorganic and biophysical aspects involving the interactions of biomolecules will be covered to explain their role in maintaining homeostasis of an organism. Completion of this course will prepare students for Biochemistry.  Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in 1) BIO 2301, BIO 2303, CHE 2111, CHE 2311, and MAT 1313; and 2) either BIO 1315 or BIO 2302.
  
  • BIO 3342 - Introduction to Molecular Biology

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This course emphasizes the relationships among DNA synthesis, RNA synthesis and protein synthesis. Information transfer in prokaryotic and eukaryotic will be discussed. (Three one-hour lectures per week) Prerequisite(s): BIO 2301, CHE 3126, and CHE 3326.

  
  • BIO 3343 - Histology

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    This course is designed to introduce the student to fundamental structures of animal tissues. The laboratory work involves methods and techniques for preparation of materials for microscopic study. (Three one-hour lectures per week) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 2302, BIO 2310, or BIO 3311.
  
  • BIO 3347 - Industrial Microbiology

    Credits: 3 hrs.
    The course will investigate the use of microorganisms for industrial applications. This course covers the study of microorganisms in natural and industrial environments, including specialized techniques for sampling, culture, isolation and identification. Students will study the application of fundamental principles of microbiology to industrial fermentations and processing, food manufacture and preservation and environmental quality. (Three one-hour lecture periods per week) Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or better in BIO 2301 and either BIO 1315 or BIO 2302.
  
  • BIO 3352 - Biotechnology Regulations, Law and Ethics

    Credits: 3 hrs
    This course will provide an overview of the related rules by the Food and Drug Administration, the Department of Agriculture, and the Environmental Protection Agency, all of which are related in part to safe practices in connection with the use or manufacture of biological, industrial, or pharmaceutical products. Intellectual Property rights will be taught in reference to novel methods and mechanical means. Additionally, this course will discuss ethical considerations associated with the actual employment of biological modifications in categories where society may or may not be willing to accept, commencing with steps taken by scientists to get away from animal based insulin to biotechnology created insulin from human organisms in the early 1970s by recombinant DNA. In this regard, students will be taught the concept of acceptable levels of risk, and how it can play a role in such decisions. Prerequisite(s): BIO 2301 and BIO 1315.
 

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